Black moss

This black or green moss is commonly found growing in giant clumps In moorlands, On trees, and In heathlands.
It is short, growing up to 2 inches (5 cm) tall. It forms in thin clumps and they are exceptionally hardy, and is slightly rigid; it dislikes being stepped on.
When mature, emerald shield-shaped capsules grow at the end of short, lime green sporophytes, eventually opening up during the mid-autumn to release thousands of spores; it can cause severe allergic reactions.